About the Urdu language.
Urdu is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan, and is spoken by nearly 70 million native speakers, and by 30 million people around the world as a second language. It's one of two official languages of Pakistan, along with English, and is an official language of many Indian states.
Differences between Urdu or Hindi?
Although Urdu and Hindi are officially different languages, in their vernacular forms they're essentially one and the same language. This common colloquial language is often referred to as Hindi-Urdu or Hindustani. However, there are other contexts in which clear differences exist between the two languages. The most obvious dissimilarity is that Hindi is written in the Devanagari script, while Urdu is written in the Perso-Arabic script. Beyond the scripts, the Hindi and Urdu used in literary, technical, and other specialized settings differ in that Hindi uses more Sanskrit loanwords, while Urdu borrows from Persian and Arabic. This results in formal, or specialized, Hindi and Urdu that are less mutually intelligible than the colloquial Hindi-Urdu.
Urdu has Indo-European roots.
Urdu is an Indo-European language, meaning that it's a descendant of the same ancient language as several other European and Asian languages, including German, Spanish, French, Greek, English, Farsi, and Russian. Thus, it's not uncommon to find Urdu words that are similar to those found in other Indo-European languages. An example of this would be the Urdu informal second-person pronoun tum, which is similar to French tu and Russian ty.
Fun fact about the Urdu language.
The word Urdu is derived from ordu (army), the same Turkic word that gave rise to the English word horde.